1834 poor law amendment act essay
Relief expenditures increased sharply in the first half of the eighteenth century, as can be seen in Table 1. The worst of the activities to block this new act was in Huddersfield in the West Riding of Yorkshire. The service was decorously performed, though the sermon might have been much better adapted to the comprehension and to the circumstances of the hearers. During the Reconstruction period, it was not certain if slavery was permanently abolished or if some form. Required to perform heavy amounts of domestic work, under pressure to demonstrate fertility, married girls and child mothers face constrained decision-making and reduced life choices. And be it further enacted, That from and after the passing of this Act all Relief given to or on account of the Wife, or to or on account of any Child or Children under the Age of Sixteen, not being blind or deaf and dumb, shall be considered as given to the Husband of such Wife, or to the Father of such Child or Children, as the Case may be, and any Relief given to or on account of any Child or Children under the Age of Sixteen of any Widow, shall be considered as given to such Widow: Provided always, that nothing herein contained shall discharge the Father and Grandfather, Mother and Grandmother, of any poor Child, from their Liability to relieve and maintain such poor Child in pursuance of the Provisions of a certain Act of Parliament passed in the Forty-third Year of the Reign of Her late Majesty Queen Elizabeth , intituled An Act for the Relief of the Poor. The Commission's findings, which had probably been predetermined, were that the old system was badly and expensively run. Sokoll, Thomas. The Commission's powers allowed it to specify policies for each Poor Law Union, and policy did not have to be uniform. The development. These laws provided free meals and medical inspections later treatment for needy school children , , and weekly pensions for poor persons over age 70 , and established national sickness and unemployment insurance The British Poor Law Reform of , in particular, tightened the limits on relief in hopes of forcing able-bodied workers to fend for themselves. Our Sundays were never the happy time they might have been, sitting at the table in the bare dining hall separated from the others, because her deafness made us shout, causing much noise. The usual response to this was for hours of work to be reduced, with pay reducing correspondingly and out-door relief being given to those who could not make ends meet on short-time earnings. On the other hand, the Commission met with strong opposition when it attempted in to set up unions in the industrial north, and the implementation of the New Poor Law was delayed in several industrial cities.
The leaders of the Liberal Party advised women to prove their fitness for the Parliamentary franchise by serving in municipal offices, especially the unsalaried offices. A large number of women had availed themselves of this advice, and were serving on Boards of Guardians, on school boards, and in other capacities. The Act has been described as "the classic example of the fundamental Whig- Benthamite reforming legislation of the period".
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And be it further enacted, That no Person shall be deemed, adjudged, or taken to retain any Settlement, gained by virtue of any Possession of any Estate or Interest in any Parish, for any longer or further Time than such Person shall inhabit within Ten Miles thereof; and in case such Person shall cease to inhabit within such Distance, and thereafter become chargeable, such Person shall be liable to be removed to the Parish wherein previously to such Inhabitancy he may have been legally settled, or in case he may have subsequently to such Inhabitancy gained a legal Settlement in some other Parish, then to such other Parish. Notes: Relief expenditure data are for the year ended on March Joint Stock or other Company, no Member of such Corporation, or Proprietor of or interested in such Joint Stock or other Company, shall be entitled to vote as such Owner in respect thereof; but any Officer of such Corporation, joint Stock or other Company, whose Name shall be entered by the Direction of the governing Body of such Corporation or Company in the Books of the Parish, in the Manner herein-before directed with respect to the Owner of Property, shall be entitled to vote in respect of such Property in the same Manner as if he Were the Owner thereof. Nominal wages increased at a much slower rate than did prices; as a result, real wages of agricultural and building laborers and of skilled craftsmen declined by about 60 percent over the course of the sixteenth century.
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General Rules could only be made by the Commissioners themselves [9] : clause 12 and had to be notified to a Secretary of State. Hansard House of Commons Debates. English Poor Law History.
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Implementation of the New Poor Law administrative arrangements was phased in, starting with the Southern counties whose problems the Act had been designed to address. His views were influential and hotly debated without always being understood, and opposition to the old Poor Law which peaked between and was described by both sides as " Malthusian ".
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Relief expenditures increased sharply in the first half of the eighteenth century, as can be seen in Table 1. The principles upon which the Commission was to base its regulations were not specified. Studies conducted by Poor Law administrators indicate that the number recorded in the day counts was less than half the number assisted during the year.
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The resulting increase in expenditures on public relief was so great that a new Poor Law was enacted in , based on a harsher philosophy that regarded pauperism among able-bodied workers as a moral failing. Harris He saw any assistance to the poor—such as given by the old poor laws—as self-defeating, temporarily removing the pressure of want from the poor while leaving them free to increase their families, thus leading to greater number of people in want and an apparently greater need for relief. The tramps, curiously enough, were the envy of the inmates because of their freedom to leave at will.
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